Marine Protected Areas in India (Complete State-wise List)

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Marine Protected Areas in India

Table of Contents

What is Marine Protected Areas?

· A Marine Protected Area is a zone in the ocean or littoral area where anthropogenic activities are regulated more strictly than the surrounding waters. These places are given special protections for marine wildlife by the national, regional, state and local authorities.

· It is a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.

· MPAs restrict human activity for a conservation purpose, typically to protect natural or cultural resources. This restriction includes different limitations on development, fishing practices, fishing seasons and catch limits, moorings and bans on removing or disrupting marine life.

· MPA is an umbrella term to describe a wide range of protected areas for marine conservation around the world.

Why Marine Protected Area (MPA)?

· Marine protected areas are essential to –

o Safeguard biodiversity and

o Sustain vibrant seas and oceans

o Increase biomass and biodiversity in tropical and temperate ecosystems.

o Serve as insurance policies against the impacts of fishing and other destructive activities.

Marine Protected Area in India

· India has a coastline of 8,118 km, with an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 2.02 million km² and a continental shelf area of 372,424 km², spread across 9 maritime States and Union Territories, including the islands of Andaman and Nicobar, and Lakshadweep.

· India’s biodiversity protection programmes have been highly successful with 600 protected areas across 161,221 km². Protected areas account for 4.9% of the country’s total geographical area.

· The important species found in the Indian waters include, Dugongs, Whales, Dolphins, Olive Ridley Turtles, a variety of fishes including the Whale Sharks & other sharks, Giant Groupers, Sea cucumbers, horseshoe crabs, sea shells, soft & hard corals, etc.

Regulation of Marine Protected Areas in India

· In India, all marine protected areas fall under the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). It is the nodal agency at the central level and responsible for –

o Planning,

o Promotion,

o Co-ordination and

o Overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes (Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project, 2012).

· At the state level the Department of Forests (under the Ministry of Environment and Forests) acts as the nodal agency for the same.

· Departments of Fisheries are responsible for managing the fisheries resources in their particular state.

· The Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) deals with the science and technology research of exploitation of ocean resources (living and non-living).

Complete State-wise List of Marine Protected Areas in India

· India has at present have following designated Marine Protected Areas in Peninsular India.

· Besides these, there are many Marine Protected Areas in Islands of India i.e. Andaman and Nicobar Island and Lakshadweep.

List of Marine Protected Areas in peninsular India

S.No	State	Name of MPA	Category	Area	Established
1	Andhra Pradesh	Coringa	Sanctuary	235.7	1978
2		Krishna	Sanctuary	194.81	1989
3		Pulicat Lake	Sanctuary	500	1980
4	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	Sanctuary	92.16	2000
5	Daman & Diu	Fudam	Sanctuary	2.18	1991
6	Goa	Chorao Island	Sanctuary	1.78	1988
7	Gujarat	Marine (Gulf of Kachchh)	National Park	162.89	1995
8		Khijadia	Sanctuary	6.05	1981
9		Marine (Gulf of Kachchh)	Sanctuary	295.03	1980
10	Kerala	Kadalundi Vallikkunnu Com R	Community Reserve	1.50	2007
11	Maharashtra	Malvan Marine	Sanctuary	29.12	1987
12	Maharashtra	Thane Creek Flamingo	Sanctuary	16.905	2015
13	Odisha	Bhitarkanika	National Park	145	1998
14		Bhitarkanika	Sanctuary	672	1975
15		Chilka (Nalaban)	Sanctuary	15.53	1987
16		Gahirmatha	Sanctuary	1435	1997
17		Balukhand Konark	Sanctuary	71.72	1984
18	Tamil Nadu	Gulf of Mannar Marine	National Park	6.23	1980
19		Point Calimere	Sanctuary	172.6	1967
20		Pulicat Lake	Sanctuary	153.67	1980
21	West Bengal	Sundarbans	National Park	1330.1	1984
22		West Sundarbans	Sanctuary	556.45	2013
23		Haliday Island	Sanctuary	5.95	1976
24		Sajnakhali	Sanctuary	2091.1	1976
25		Lothian Island	Sanctuary	38	1976

List of Marine Protected Areas in Islands of India

There are many Marine Protected Areas in Islands of India i.e. Andaman and Nicobar Island and Lakshadweep.

S.No	State	Name of MPA	Category	Area	Established
1	Andaman & Nicobar	Arial Island	Sanctuary	0.05	1977
2		Bamboo Island	Sanctuary	0.05	1977
3		Barren Island	Sanctuary	11.99	1977
4		Battimalv Island	Sanctuary	5.03	1977
5		Belle Island	Sanctuary	0.08	1977
6		Bennett Island	Sanctuary	3.46	1977
7		Bingham Island	Sanctuary	0.08	1977
8		Blister Island	Sanctuary	0.26	1977
9		Bluff Island	Sanctuary	1.14	1977
10		Bondoville Island	Sanctuary	2.55	1977
11		Brush Island	Sanctuary	0.23	1977
12		Buchanan Island	Sanctuary	9.33	1977
13		Campbell	National Park	426.23	1992
14		Chanel Island	Sanctuary	0.13	1977
15		Cinque Islands	Sanctuary	9.51	1977
16		Clyde Island	Sanctuary	0.54	1977
17		Cone Island	Sanctuary	0.65	1977
18		Curlew (B.P.) Island	Sanctuary	0.16	1977
19		Curlew Island	Sanctuary	0.03	1977
20		Defence Island	Sanctuary	10.49	1977
21		Dot Island	Sanctuary	0.13	1977
22		Dottrell Island	Sanctuary	0.13	1977
23		Duncan Island	Sanctuary	0.73	1977
24		East Island	Sanctuary	6.11	1977
25		East Of Inglis Island	Sanctuary	3.55	1977
26		Egg Island	Sanctuary	0.05	1977
27		Elat Island	Sanctuary	9.36	1977
28		Entrance Island	Sanctuary	0.96	1977
29		Galathea	National Park	110	1992
30		Gander Island	Sanctuary	0.05	1977
31		Girjan Island	Sanctuary	0.16	1977
32		Goose Island	Sanctuary	0.01	1977
33		Hump Island	Sanctuary	0.47	1977
34		Interview Island	Sanctuary	133.87	1977
35		James Island	Sanctuary	2.1	1977
36		Jungle Island	Sanctuary	0.52	1977
37		Kyd Island	Sanctuary	8	1977
38		Landfall Island	Sanctuary	29.48	1977
39		Latouche Island	Sanctuary	0.96	1977
40		Lohabarrack	Sanctuary	22.21	1977
41	Andaman & Nicobar	Mahatma Gandhi Marine	National Park	281.5	1983
42		Mangrove Island	Sanctuary	0.39	1977
43		Mask Island	Sanctuary	0.78	1977
44		Mayo Island	Sanctuary	0.1	1977
45		Megapode Island	Sanctuary	0.12	1977
46		Middle Button Island	National Park	0.44	1987
47		Montogemery Island	Sanctuary	0.21	1977
48		Mount Harriett	National Park	46.62	1987
49		Narcondam Island	Sanctuary	6.81	1977
50		North Brother Island	Sanctuary	0.75	1977
51		North Button Island	National Park	0.44	1987
52		North Island	Sanctuary	0.49	1977
53		North Reef Island	Sanctuary	3.48	1977
54		Oliver Island	Sanctuary	0.16	1977
55		Orchid Island	Sanctuary	0.1	1977
56		Ox Island	Sanctuary	0.13	1977
57		Oyster Island-I	Sanctuary	0.08	1977
58		Oyster Island-II	Sanctuary	0.21	1977
59		Paget Island	Sanctuary	7.36	1977
60		Parkinson Island	Sanctuary	0.34	1977
61		Passage Island	Sanctuary	0.62	1977
62		Patric Island	Sanctuary	0.13	1977
63		Peacock Island	Sanctuary	0.62	1977
64		Pitman Island	Sanctuary	1.37	1977
65		Point Island	Sanctuary	3.07	1977
66		Potanma Islands	Sanctuary	0.16	1977
67		Ranger Island	Sanctuary	4.26	1977
68		Rani Jhansi	National Park	256.14	1996
69		Reef Island	Sanctuary	1.74	1977
70		Roper Island	Sanctuary	1.46	1977
71		Ross Island	Sanctuary	1.01	1977
72		Rowe Island	Sanctuary	0.01	1977
73		Saddle Peak	National Park	32.54	1987
74		Sandy Island	Sanctuary	1.58	1977
75		Sea Serpent Island	Sanctuary	0.78	1977
76		Shark Island	Sanctuary	0.6	1977
77		Shearme Island	Sanctuary	7.85	1977
78		Sir Hugh Rose Island	Sanctuary	1.06	1977
79		Sisters Island	Sanctuary	0.36	1977
80		Snake Island-I	Sanctuary	0.73	1977
81	Andaman & Nicobar	Snake Island-II	Sanctuary	0.03	1977
82		South Brother Island	Sanctuary	1.24	1977
83		South Button Island	National Park	0.03	1987
84		South Reef Island	Sanctuary	1.17	1977
85		South Sentinel Island	Sanctuary	1.61	1977
86		Spike Island-I	Sanctuary	0.42	1977
87		Spike Island-II	Sanctuary	11.7	1977
88		Stoat Island	Sanctuary	0.44	1977
89		Surat Island	Sanctuary	0.31	1977
90		Swamp Island	Sanctuary	4.09	1977
91		Table (Delgarno) Island	Sanctuary	2.29	1977
92		Table (Excelsior) Island	Sanctuary	1.69	1977
93		Talabaicha Island	Sanctuary	3.21	1977
94		Temple Island	Sanctuary	1.04	1977
95		Tillongchang Island	Sanctuary	36.43	1977
96		Tree Island	Sanctuary	0.03	1977
97		Trilby Island	Sanctuary	0.96	1977
98		Tuft Island	Sanctuary	0.29	1977
99		Turtle Islands	Sanctuary	0.39	1977
100		Kwangtung Island	Sanctuary	0.57	1987
101		West Island	Sanctuary	6.4	1977
102		Wharf Island	Sanctuary	0.11	1977
103		White Cliff Island	Sanctuary	0.47	1977
104		Galathea Bay	Sanctuary	11.44	1997
105		Cuthbert Bay	Sanctuary	5.82	1997
106	Lakshadweep	Pitti	Sanctuary	0.01	2002

So this was all about the Complete State-wise List of Marine Protected Areas of India. To read more such notes on General Knowledge – Click Here.

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Marine Protected Areas in India

What is Marine Protected Areas?

Why Marine Protected Area (MPA)?

Marine Protected Area in India

Regulation of Marine Protected Areas in India

Complete State-wise List of Marine Protected Areas in India

List of Marine Protected Areas in peninsular India

List of Marine Protected Areas in Islands of India

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